Conservation Biology
(Biology 381)

Dr. Ken Prestwich


Class Materials and Schedule

Spring Semester 2011 (next offered 2013)
College of the Holy Cross
Department of Biology

 

A Florida manatee cow and her calf. Successful conservation efforts have improved the long term prospects for this species' survival in Florida although continued vigilance is required as manatees face potential habitat loss, natural catastrophes, boat strikes and yearly losses from cold weather snaps and red tides.ress here for more information.

This course will next be offered (tentatively) in the spring of 2013. The webpage from the spring 2011 version is left for anyone's interest or use.

Class Information
Course information sheet
(textbooks, general overview)
Field Trip to Harvard Forest LTER and Fisher Museum Date & Information
 
Links to Exam Dates
 
Links to ESSAY Assignments and Due Dates (there may be some changes here in the first week or two of classes)
 
Links to TERM PAPER Assignments and Due Dates
Poster on research paper and due date.
 

Course Schedule -- note that most links to course downloads are not yet active.

Jan. 26 (W)
Cl #1

Part 1: Overview, history and ethics and biological conservation

Introduction to the course.
What is conservation biology and why is it needed?
Anthropogenic threats to biodiversity.

Assignments & Resources

revised Cl #1 PP Notes
(CHC access only)

Jan. 28 (F)
Cl #2


Continued.
Philosophy and conservation:
Transcendentalism, resource conservation and the land ethic.

Assignments & Resources

Stripped Bass Fishery Story
(NPR) see questions for Ch. 1 (left)

revised Cl #2 PP Notes (CHC access only)

Ecological Footprint Quiz -- take this for fun if you like -- it is a useful way to view how you affect the environment and the sort of changes that would be needed to have a smaller effect
Jan. 31 (M)
Cl #3

Environmentalism and its relationship to biological conservation.
Discussion of Sand County Almanac readings -- ~30 minutes.

Assignments & Resources

Article & Study Questions
(CHC access only)
revised Cl #3 PP Notes (CHC access only)
Resource
Our Common Future
(a.k.a. the Brundtland Report)
Link to a UN website site that houses the famous 1987 document on sustainability and biological resources.

Feb. 2 (W)
Cl #4

Finish discussion of land ethic. (10-15 mins)

Part 2: Biodiversity and Loss of Biodiversity
a. Species diversity: population size and genetics.

Introduction to biodiversity.

Assignments & Resources

K&M Ch. 2 (29 pp)

revised Cl #4 PP Notes (CHC access only)

Feb. 4 (F)
Cl #5

Global Biodiversity - Patterns and Processes over spatial and temporal distance.
The concept of species richness.

α, β, and γ diversity.
Species richness patterns in space and time.

Assignments & Resources

same reading as previous class
revised Cl #5 PP Notes (CHC access only)
Essay #1 assignment (due 11 Feb.)
Web Resource:
An example of a RWRI -- biodiversity hotspots in CA.

Feb. 7 (M)
Cl #6

A measurement that combines α and β diversity: the rarity-weighted richness index. Biological hotspots.

 

Assignments & Resources

same reading as previous class
revised Cl #6 PP Notes (CHC access only)

Feb. 9 (W)
Cl #7

Estimation of diversity and diversity loss from species richness curves.
Community and ecosystem diversity and its causes.

Assignments & Resources

same reading as previous class + Article (same one assigned previously, will be briefly discussed at start of class)
(CHC access only)
revised Cl #7 PP Notes (CHC access only)

Feb. 11 (F)
Cl #8

ESSAY #1 DUE AT START OF CLASS
Threats to Biodiversity.


Assignments & Resources

same reading as previous class
revised Cl #8 PP Notes (CHC access only)

Feb. 14 (M)
Cl #9


Extinction and anthropogenic causes of extinctions.

Assignments & Resources

revised Cl #9 PP Notes (CHC access only)
Resources
H-W problems and solutions from introductory biology

Feb. 16 (W)
Cl #10

Threats and "biological phenomena: monarch migration case.
The perils of small population size.
Begin the genetics of small populations.

Assignments & Resources

same reading as previous class
revised Cl #10 PP Notes (CHC access only)

Feb. 18 (F)
Cl #11

Genetics of small populations, continued.
Inbreeding and outbreeding (end of material for exam #1)
Genetic Drift

Assignments & Resources

same as previous class
revised Cl #11 PP Notes (CHC access only)
Resources
One Population Genetic Drift Simulation
--zipped file requires mac computer
Repeated Runs Genetic Drift Simulation
--zipped file requires mac computer

Feb. 21 (M)
Cl #12

Effective population size.

Assignments & Resources

same as previous class
revised Cl #12 PP Notes (CHC access only)

Feb. 23 (W)
Cl #13

EXAM #1 (100 pts.) All material through outbreeding.

Feb. 25 (F)
Cl #14

Wahlund Effect

Assignments & Resources

 
revised Cl #14 PP Notes (CHC access only)
Problems (moved from above)
Feb. 28 (M)
Cl #15

Calculation and use of F statistics.
Estimating population sizes and trends. Estimating population trends


Assignments & Resources

same reading as previous class
revised Cl #15 PP Notes (CHC access only)

Mar. 2 (W)
Cl #16

Classical models of populations

Assignments & Resources

revised Cl #16 PP Notes (CHC access only)

Mar. 4 (F)
Cl #17

Modeling populations with cohort data -- population matrices.

Assignments & Resources

same reading as previous class
revised Cl #17 PP Notes (CHC access only)

March 5 to 13

Spring Break

Mar. 14 (M)
Cl #18

The "extinction vortex."
An introduction to stochastic models and a critical look at population viability analyses (PVAs)

 

Assignments & Resources

revised Cl #18 PP Notes (CHC access only)
Resource
A Very Simple PVA
--zipped file requires mac computer -

Mar. 16 (W)
Cl #19

Part 2: Biodiversity and Loss of Biodiversity
b. Environmental degradation: habitat loss and fragmentation and an introduction to landscape ecology

Habitat Loss.

Assignments & Resources
revised Cl #19 PP Notes (CHC access only)

Mar. 18 (F)
Cl #20

Habitat fragmentation continued.


TERM PAPER TOPICS DUE

Assignments & Resources
revised Cl #20 PP Notes (CHC access only)
Extra resource
Article on relationship between land use changes and aquatic habitats of the Mississippi and upper Gulf of Mexico
(CHC access only)
March 21 (M)
Cl #21

A brief introduction to the effect of fragmentation on dispersal and the notion of metapopulations (to be continued next week)
Effects of fragmentation on richness.

Assignments & Resources

Same reading as given via email above

revised Cl #21 PP Notes (CHC access only)
March 23 (W)
Cl #22

Case studies, continued. -- fragmentation and housing subdivision; the effects of isolation on patch diversity.
Tools to estimate landscape pattern and fragmentation quantitatively.

Assignments & Resources

Same reading as given via email

revised Cl #22 PP Notes (CHC access only)
March 25 (F)
Cl #23

The metapopulation concept and habitat connectivity.

Assignments & Resources

K&M Ch. 10 (32 pp)
revised Cl #23 PP Notes (CHC access only)
March 28 (M)
Cl #24


Spatially explicit metapopulation models and conservation.
An example of spatially explicit metapopulation modeling.
The concept of extinction threshold and time lags between crossing the threshold and metapopulation extinction.

Assignments & Resources

Same as previous

revised Cl #24 PP Notes (CHC access only)
Extra resource
March 30 (W)
Cl #25


Ecologically functional populations and species interactions and their effects on metapopulations. Two brief examples. Material for exam #2 end when we finish these topics.

Part 2: Biodiversity and Loss of Biodiversity
c. Invasive species

Species Invasions.
How are species introduced and how do we manage introductions?
Impacts of invasions.

Assignments & Resources

K&M Ch. 17 (23 pp)

revised Cl #25 PP Notes (CHC access only)
April 1 (F)
Cl #26

EXAM #2-- all material up to monetization.

April 4 (M)
Cl #27

Factors that determine if a non-native will become an invasive.
The mathematics of species invasions.

Assignments & Resources

same reading as last Wed.

revised Cl #27 PP Notes (CHC access only)
April 6 (W)
Cl #28

Finish the mathematics of invasive species.

Part 3: Overexploitation/Sustainable Exploitation

Begin examination of overexploitation of biological resources.

Assignments & Resources

readings and questions on intranet

revised Cl #28 PP Notes (CHC access only)


April 8 (F)
Cl #29

The Tragedy of the Commons.
Impacts on target and non-target species.
The mathematical theory of renewable resource exploitation (the main part of class).

Assignments & Resources

K&M Chapter 15 (22 pp)

revised Cl #29 PP Notes (CHC access only)

April 9 (Sa)

 

Field Trip to Harvard Forest LTER & Fisher Museum with Prof. McBride's Environmental History Class 7:30 AM ~ 2 PM

April 11 (M)
Cl #30

FIRST SUBMISSION OF TERM PAPER
The mathematical theory of renewable resource exploitation, continued.
Management of wild populations -- forests and fish as examples.

Assignments & Resources

same reading as previous class

revised Cl #30 PP Notes (CHC access only)
April 13 (W)
Cl #31

Finish section on overexploitation -- exploitation switching.

Part 4: Climate Change and Conservation

Causes and predicted biotic effects of global climate change.

 

Assignments & Resources

K&M Ch. 18 (27 pp)

revised Cl #31 PP Notes (CHC access only)
April 15 (F)
Cl #32

Climate change, continued.

Assignments & Resources

revised Cl #32 PP Notes (CHC access only)

Resources
Climate Choices website -- of particular interest to members of this class because it centers on the two areas where all members of our class are from -- the NE and California.
April 18 (M)
Cl #33

Finish climate change -- range changes, extinctions, and mitigation/adaptation.

Part 5: A Brief Introduction to Economics as it Relates to Conservation

Overview of the importance of economics in conservation.

Assignments & Resources

K&M Ch. 3 (28 pp) (main use will be Wed.)

revised Cl #33 PP Notes (CHC access only)
April 19 (T) 1230 Earth Day (well, close -- every day should be Earth Day) public lecture by your professor on the history and restoration of long leaf pine forests of the Southeast US
April 20 (W)

Discounting and its effects on CBAs
Cost-benefit analyses.
Methods of monetizing biodiversity.

Assignments & Resources

same as previous class
revised Cl #34 PP Notes (CHC access only)
Easter Break Begins April 21
Earth Day -- April 22
Easter -- April 24
Easter Break Ends April 25
April 27 (W)
Cl #35

Talk from Dr. Cathy Langtimm, USGS

No new Assignment

April 29 (F)
Cl #36

Q&A with Dr. Langtimm (10 mins.)
Cost-benefit analyses, continued.-- Methods of monetizing biodiversity

 

Assignments & Resources

same as April 20

revised Cl #36 PP Notes (CHC access only)
May 2 (M)
Cl #37


CBA continued.
Critiques and alternatives to CBA.
Material for exam #3 ends with end of ecological economics.

Assignments & Resources

same as April 20 K&M Ch. 9 (31 pp)

revised Cl #37 PP Notes (CHC access only)

May 4 (W)
Cl #38

Part 6: Applications

Conservation and restoration of habitat

Assignments & Resources

K&M Ch. 5 (22 pp)

K&M Ch. 13 (24 pp)

revised Cl #38 PP Notes (CHC access only)
May 6 (F)
Cl #39

EXAM #3

May 9 (M)
Cl #40


Threat assessment, Adaptive management and structured decision making.

Assignments & Resources

K&M Ch. 11 (24 pp) & Ch. 12 (19 pp)

preliminary Cl #40 PP Notes (CHC access only)
May 10 - 11 (T,W)

FINAL SUBMISSION OF TERM PAPER

Study Period A

May 14-15 (Sa, Su)

Study Period B

May 17 (TUESDAY)
3-6 PM

150 pt Comprehensive Final Exam TBA

College of the Holy Cross

The Biology Department

Ken Prestwich's Homepage

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